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Vannas scissors are precision surgical instruments that have general uses in ophthalmic and microsurgery. Sharpness, accuracy, and careful use have conferred fame on the scissors throughout the surgical community. The spring-action, light framework allows precise cutting with minimal tissue trauma; therefore, the scissors are an essential part of the surgeon's armory.
Vannas scissors were created as one of the new standards for
precisely produced surgical tools used in ophthalmology. The tool is also so
named because Professor Vannas played a crucial role in creating and adapting
the scissors into microsurgical tools. Their application was subsequently
extended from ophthalmology to other procedures in which extremely precise
dissection of tissue over an extended period was needed.
• Early 20th century: Microsurgery was established in
ophthalmic surgery, and there was a need for precise cutting scissors.
• Mid-20th century: Technology and design improved surgical scissors, which were stronger and sharper.
• Late 20th century: Titanium Vannas scissors were more practical because they made the scissors corrosion-free and light.
• Modern Era: Laser surgical systems today utilize Vannas-style microsurgical scissors for improved accuracy.
Vannas scissors are specially designed in a manner that
makes them stand out:
•Thin, spring-loaded handles for effective cutting and extra
control.
•Straight or curved micro-blades for fine cutting with
minimal tissue damage.
•Titanium or stainless steel is used for corrosion resistance
and durability.
•Serrated or non-serrated blades—micro-serrations are
incorporated into certain models to prevent tissue slippage while cutting.
Comparison with Other Surgical Scissors
•Have micro-blades for very fine cutting.
•Used for ophthalmic and microsurgery.
•Should have a spring-action handle.
•Constructed of titanium or stainless steel for
high-strength durability.
•Micro-blades like Vannas scissors.
•Used mostly in oculoplastic and corneal surgery.
•Ringer-handle controlled.
•Constructed of stainless steel.
•Straight or curved blade configuration option.
•For general microsurgery use.
•Spring-action handle.
•Usually constructed of stainless steel.
There are a few types of Vannas scissors, depending on the particular needs for the surgery.
•Straight-blade Vannas Scissors: Linear exact cutting in
retinal and corneal surgery.
•Curved-blade Vannas Scissors: Tracking naturally around the
curvature of the tissue with minimum required trauma.
•Stainless Steel: Most often utilized in general
microsurgery.
•Titanium: Lightweight, rust-free, more robust.
•Ultra-Sharp Vannas Scissors: Best of operations.
•Blunt-tip Vannas Scissors: When it is extremely important not to injure tissue.
Vannas scissors are used solely in eye surgery, namely in:
• Cataract Surgery: Making thin incisions in the lens
capsule.
• Glaucoma Surgery: Making thin membrane incisions in
trabeculectomy operations.
• Corneal Transplantation: Making thin cuts in
corneal tissue.
• Used in making thin nerves and membranes cuts.
• Used in very precise procedures.
• Used in skin transplant and microsurgeries on the face.
• Used in minor scarring because of its fine cutting nature.
• Used in neurosurgeries and eye surgeries in small animals.
• Prevents tissue damage during delicate procedures.
Proper Handling
• Hold the spring handle scissors to have a firm grip at all
times.
• Avoid forcing blades too much so that the blades will not
bend or become misaligned.
Cutting Skills
• Steady Hand Skill: For incision of the cornea in eye surgery.
• Feathering Skill: In brain surgery, neural dissection.
• Micro-Snip Skill: For excision of thin tissue in reconstructive surgery.
Cleaning and sterilization of Vannas scissors must be done
to maintain the same life and performance.
Sterilization Process
1. Pre-Wash: Did a pre-wash using distilled water to remove
debris.
2. Ultrasonic Cleaning: Sonication in an ultrasonic cleaner to
remove submicron debris.
3. Autoclaving: Place the scissors inside a sterilization
pouch and subject them to hot-steam sterilization.
Storage Guidelines
• Sterile, dry storage to prevent corrosion.
• Limit heavy loads to maintain blade alignment.
New Materials
• Nanotech-coated blades: Increase sharpness and minimize
friction.
• Bio-compatible polymers: Minimize weight and maximize user
control.
Robotic-Assisted Microsurgery
• Incorporation of Vannas-style scissors in robotic surgery
platforms.
• Enhanced accuracy with AI-aided microsurgical instruments.
Smart Scissors with Sensor Technology
• Developments for pressure-sensitive handle manufacturing for improved control.
• AI-managed precision to avoid tissue injury.
• Dull Blades: Sharpening and upkeep on a regular
basis can restore performance.
• Rust and Corrosion: Utilize titanium-based scissors
and dry after sterilization.
• Misaligned Blades: Careful handling and not
dropped.
• Hand Fatigue: Utilize ergonomic handles and develop
proper grip technique.
• Material: Titanium for extended heavy use.
• Blade Type: Straight for straight cuts, curved for
curved cuts.
• Tip Design: Highly sharp for delicate tissues,
blunt for general-purpose.
• Comfort of Handle: Award a spring-action handle for
comfort.
• Credibility of Manufacturer: Select manufacturers
that have highly reputable surgical instrument businesses.
• Storz Instruments
• Beauty Teck International
• Bausch & Lomb
• Feather Surgical Instruments
• Katalyst Surgical
Vannas scissors is a critical microsurgical instrument,
speed and precision equaled by very few other surgical instruments. Used in
ophthalmology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, and veterinary surgery, it is a
critical tool in any surgeon's toolkit. With material science and robotics
further optimizing its design, Vannas scissors continues to be a gold standard
among precision surgical instruments.
For surgeons and medical students, cutting skills, handling skills, and skill maintenance are required when working with such precision instruments. With the added status of being a master surgeon or surgery student learning surgery equipment, Vannas scissors are the epitome of precision and reliability as microsurgery instruments.
Written by: Beauty Teck
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